Chapter 28 HS Codes: Chapter 28 Commodities
CHAPTER DEFINITION & SCOPE
HS Chapter 28 of the WCO Harmonized System covers chapter 28 commodities. It groups 50 4-digit WCO headings and 180 6-digit subheadings under the official 2026 customs nomenclature [USITC HTS 2026].
Chapter
Ch 28
Headings
50 Headings
Subheadings
180 HS6
US Tariff Status
Active 2026
Chapter 28 4-Digit Headings Directory
| Heading | WCO Heading Description | Subheading Count | Directory Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heading 2801 | Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine | 3 subheadings | Browse Heading 2801 → |
| Heading 2802 | Sulfur, sublimed or precipitated; colloidal sulfur | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2802 → |
| Heading 2803 | Carbon (carbon blacks and other forms of carbon not elsewhere specified or included) | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2803 → |
| Heading 2804 | Hydrogen, rare gases and other nonmetals | 11 subheadings | Browse Heading 2804 → |
| Heading 2805 | Alkali or alkaline-earth metals; rare-earth metals, scandium and yttrium, whether or not intermixed or interalloyed; mercury | 5 subheadings | Browse Heading 2805 → |
| Heading 2806 | Hydrogen chloride (Hydrochloric acid); chlorosulfuric acid | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2806 → |
| Heading 2807 | Sulfuric acid; oleum | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2807 → |
| Heading 2808 | Nitric acid; sulfonitric acids | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2808 → |
| Heading 2809 | Diphosphorus pentaoxide; phosphoric acid;polyphosphoric acids, whether or not chemically defined | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2809 → |
| Heading 2810 | Oxides of boron; boric acids | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2810 → |
| Heading 2811 | Other inorganic acids and other inorganic oxygen compounds of nonmetals | 6 subheadings | Browse Heading 2811 → |
| Heading 2812 | Halides and halide oxides of nonmetals | 9 subheadings | Browse Heading 2812 → |
| Heading 2813 | Sulfides of nonmetals; commercial phosphorus trisulfide | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2813 → |
| Heading 2814 | Ammonia, anhydrous or in aqueous solution | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2814 → |
| Heading 2815 | Sodium hydroxide (Caustic soda); potassium hydroxide (Caustic potash); peroxides of sodium or potassium | 4 subheadings | Browse Heading 2815 → |
| Heading 2816 | Hydroxide and peroxide of magnesium; oxides, hydroxides and peroxides, of strontium or barium | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2816 → |
| Heading 2817 | Zinc oxide; zinc peroxide | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2817 → |
| Heading 2818 | Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined; aluminum oxide; aluminum hydroxide | 3 subheadings | Browse Heading 2818 → |
| Heading 2819 | Chromium oxides and hydroxides | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2819 → |
| Heading 2820 | Manganese oxides | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2820 → |
| Heading 2821 | Iron oxides and hydroxides; earth colors containing 70 percent or more by weight of combined iron evaluated as Fe2O3 | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2821 → |
| Heading 2822 | Cobalt oxides and hydroxides; commercial cobalt oxides | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2822 → |
| Heading 2823 | Titanium oxides | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2823 → |
| Heading 2824 | Lead oxides; red lead and orange lead | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2824 → |
| Heading 2825 | Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; other inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides | 9 subheadings | Browse Heading 2825 → |
| Heading 2826 | Fluorides; fluorosilicates, fluoroaluminates and other complex fluorine salts | 4 subheadings | Browse Heading 2826 → |
| Heading 2827 | Chlorides, chloride oxides and chloride hydroxides; bromides and bromide oxides; iodides and iodide oxides | 11 subheadings | Browse Heading 2827 → |
| Heading 2828 | Hypochlorites; commercial calcium hypochlorite; chlorites; hypobromites | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2828 → |
| Heading 2829 | Chlorates and perchlorates; bromates and perbromates; iodates and periodates | 3 subheadings | Browse Heading 2829 → |
| Heading 2830 | Sulfides; polysulfides, whether or not chemically defined | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2830 → |
| Heading 2831 | Dithionites and sulfoxylates | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2831 → |
| Heading 2832 | Sulfites; thiosulfates | 3 subheadings | Browse Heading 2832 → |
| Heading 2833 | Sulfates; alums; peroxosulfates (persulfates) | 10 subheadings | Browse Heading 2833 → |
| Heading 2834 | Nitrites; nitrates | 3 subheadings | Browse Heading 2834 → |
| Heading 2835 | Phosphinates (hypophosphites), phosphonates (phosphites) and phosphates; polyphosphates, whether or not chemically defined | 8 subheadings | Browse Heading 2835 → |
| Heading 2836 | Carbonates; peroxocarbonates (percarbonates); commercial ammonium carbonate containing ammonium carbamate | 8 subheadings | Browse Heading 2836 → |
| Heading 2837 | Cyanides, cyanide oxides and complex cyanides | 3 subheadings | Browse Heading 2837 → |
| Heading 2839 | Silicates; commercial alkali metal silicates | 3 subheadings | Browse Heading 2839 → |
| Heading 2840 | Borates; peroxoborates (perborates) | 4 subheadings | Browse Heading 2840 → |
| Heading 2841 | Salts of oxometallic or peroxometallic acids | 7 subheadings | Browse Heading 2841 → |
| Heading 2842 | Other salts of inorganic acids or peroxoacids (including aluminosilicates whether or not chemically defined), other than azides | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2842 → |
| Heading 2843 | Colloidal precious metals; inorganic or organic compounds of precious metals, whether or not chemically defined; amalgams of precious metals | 5 subheadings | Browse Heading 2843 → |
| Heading 2844 | Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes (including the fissile or fertile chemical elements and isotopes) and their compounds; mixtures and residues containing these products | 8 subheadings | Browse Heading 2844 → |
| Heading 2845 | Isotopes other than those of heading 2844; compounds, inorganic or organic, of such isotopes, whether or not chemically defined | 5 subheadings | Browse Heading 2845 → |
| Heading 2846 | Compounds, inorganic or organic, of rare-earth metals, of yttrium or of scandium, or of mixtures of these metals | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2846 → |
| Heading 2847 | Hydrogen peroxide, whether or not solidified with urea | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2847 → |
| Heading 2849 | Carbides, whether or not chemically defined | 3 subheadings | Browse Heading 2849 → |
| Heading 2850 | Hydrides, nitrides, azides, silicides and borides, whether or not chemically defined, other than compounds which are also carbides of heading 2849 | 1 subheadings | Browse Heading 2850 → |
| Heading 2852 | Inorganic or organic compounds of mercury, whether or not chemically defined, excluding amalgams | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2852 → |
| Heading 2853 | Phosphides, whether or not chemically defined, excluding ferrophosphorous; other inorganic compounds (including distilled or conductivity water and water of similar purity); liquid air (whether or not rare gases have been removed); compressed air; amalgams, other than amalgams of precious metals | 2 subheadings | Browse Heading 2853 → |
Chapter 28 Subheading Sample & MFN Duty Rates
| HS Code | Subheading Description | Heading | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2801.10 | Chlorine | 2801 | View 2801.10 → |
| 2801.20 | Iodine | 2801 | View 2801.20 → |
| 2801.30 | Fluorine; bromine | 2801 | View 2801.30 → |
| 2802.00 | Sulfur, sublimed or precipitated; colloidal sulfur | 2802 | View 2802.00 → |
| 2803.00 | Carbon (carbon blacks and other forms of carbon not elsewhere specified or included) | 2803 | View 2803.00 → |
| 2804.10 | Hydrogen | 2804 | View 2804.10 → |
| 2804.21 | Rare gases, Argon | 2804 | View 2804.21 → |
| 2804.29 | Rare gases, Other | 2804 | View 2804.29 → |
| 2804.30 | Hydrogen, rare gases and other nonmetals, Nitrogen | 2804 | View 2804.30 → |
| 2804.40 | Hydrogen, rare gases and other nonmetals, Oxygen | 2804 | View 2804.40 → |
| 2804.50 | Hydrogen, rare gases and other nonmetals, Boron; tellurium | 2804 | View 2804.50 → |
| 2804.61 | Hydrogen, rare gases and other nonmetals, Silicon, Containing by weight not less than 99.99 percent of silicon | 2804 | View 2804.61 → |
| 2804.69 | Silicon, Other | 2804 | View 2804.69 → |
| 2804.70 | Hydrogen, rare gases and other nonmetals, Phosphorus | 2804 | View 2804.70 → |
| 2804.80 | Hydrogen, rare gases and other nonmetals, Arsenic | 2804 | View 2804.80 → |
EXPERT CLASSIFICATION PRO TIPS
Common Pitfalls When Classifying Chapter 28 Goods
- Always review WCO Section and Chapter Legal Notes before assigning 4-digit headings.
- Distinguish carefully between unprocessed raw materials and further prepared or processed articles.
- Verify Partner Government Agency (PGA) flags for agriculture, food, or chemical items.
- Cross-reference official CBP CROSS rulings for binding precedents on mixed or composite goods.
Official Primary Sources & Authority References
USITC HTS Chapter 28 Tariff ↗
United States International Trade Commission official Harmonized Tariff Schedule.
CBP CROSS Rulings ↗
Customs Rulings Online Search System for Chapter 28 binding classification precedents.
WCO HS Nomenclature ↗
World Customs Organization international 6-digit Harmonized System backbone standard.
U.S. Census Foreign Trade ↗
U.S. Census Bureau trade statistics and Schedule B concordance portal.
Chapter 28 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What commodities are covered under HS Chapter 28?
Chapter 28 (Chapter 28 Commodities) covers WCO Harmonized System 4-digit headings from 2801 upward, encompassing primary goods, raw materials, and manufactured articles within this nomenclature section.
How many 4-digit headings exist in HS Chapter 28?
Chapter 28 contains 50 official 4-digit WCO headings and 180 6-digit tariff subheadings.
What is the US general import duty range for Chapter 28 commodities?
Base customs duties under Chapter 28 range from 0.0% (Duty-Free) up to representative MFN rate limits depending on 10-digit HTS statistical suffix extensions.
Do Section 301 China tariffs apply to Chapter 28 imports?
Section 301 tariffs depend on specific 8-digit HTS subheadings. Importers must verify if their exact HTS code appears on USTR Lists 1 through 4A.
Are Partner Government Agency (PGA) permits required for Chapter 28?
PGA message-set flags (such as FDA, USDA APHIS, EPA, or CITES) apply conditionally depending on the commodity classification within Chapter 28.
How are products classified between adjacent headings in Chapter 28?
Classification follows WCO General Rules of Interpretation (GRI) 1 through 6, prioritizing specific heading terms over general descriptions.
Can Chapter 28 goods enter duty-free under USMCA or Free Trade Agreements?
Yes. Eligible goods originating in USMCA member states (US, Mexico, Canada) or FTA partners enter duty-free under SPI code P, KR, AU, or CL with a valid Certificate of Origin.
What is the Section 321 de minimis limit for Chapter 28 shipments?
Eligible commercial shipments valued at $800 USD or less imported by one person on one day may enter duty-free under 19 U.S.C. 1321.
What documents are required for formal entry of Chapter 28 goods?
Commercial Invoice, Packing List, Bill of Lading/Air Waybill, and entry summary CBP Form 7501 are mandatory for entries exceeding $2,500 USD.
How can an importer obtain a binding CBP ruling for Chapter 28?
Importers may submit an e-Ruling application under 19 CFR Part 177 to CBP National Commodity Specialist Division.