HS Code 8412.31 : Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders)
MODULE 2: EXTRACTABLE ANSWER (AEO / SPEAKABLE)
Tariff data verified: July 2026
EN (Official WCO)
FR (Pending)
ES (Pending)
The 6-digit Harmonized System (HS) code for pneumatic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders) is 8412.31. Under the 2026 United States (USITC HTS), the representative MFN general duty rate is Free [USITC HTS Tariff Schedule 2026].
MODULE 3: SIGNATURE A: HS DECODE VISUAL HIERARCHY
Subheading .31
.31
Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders)
MODULE 4: SIGNATURE B: TARIFF MATRIX
Import Duty Rates by Destination
United StatesUnited KingdomEuropean UnionCanadaMexicoChinaJapanIndiaAustraliaSouth KoreaGermanyNetherlandsBrazilTürkiyeChinese TaipeiVietnamThailandIndonesiaMalaysiaSingaporeSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesSouth AfricaEgyptIsraelChileColombiaPeruPhilippinesPakistanNew ZealandNorwayNigeriaKenyaMoroccoArgentinaEcuadorBangladeshUkraineKazakhstanQatarKuwaitOmanJordanBahrainSri LankaTunisiaGhanaCôte d'IvoireGeorgiaCambodiaPanamaCosta RicaDominican Republic
United States (USITC HTS 2026)
8412.31.00
MODULE 5: US IMPORT DUTY & FEE BREAKDOWN (LANDED COST STACK)
Federal Import VAT / GST
0.00%
US Has NO Federal VAT
Notice: Duty rates and trade remedies change frequently (Section 301, Section 232, anti-dumping orders, de minimis thresholds). Duty calculations are estimates for informational purposes only. Always verify exact rates with U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) or a licensed customs broker prior to import.
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MODULE 6: Mandatory Customs Entry Document Matrix
Rule-Derived Customs Entry Package Checklist
UNIVERSAL DOCUMENT
Commercial Invoice
Itemized description, currency, Incoterms, seller/buyer details, and country of origin.
UNIVERSAL DOCUMENT
Packing List & Bill of Lading
Gross/net weight, container/seal numbers, piece count, and transport B/L or Air Waybill.
PREFERENTIAL RULE
Certificate of Origin (If Claiming FTA)
Required only when claiming zero-duty preference under USMCA, KORUS, or GSP.
MODULE 7: Regulatory Compliance & Partner Government Agency (PGA) Flags
Standard Entry
This commodity does not carry mandatory PGA pre-clearance flags under the ACE message set.
MODULE 8: Trade Remedies (Section 301, Section 232, AD/CVD)
China Section 301 Tariff Status
7.5% – 25% Additional Duty (China Origin)
Section 232 Steel/Aluminum Status
Exempt (Non-Metal Commodity)
EU CBAM Carbon Alert
Not in Scope
MODULE 9: Free Trade Agreements (FTA) & Rules of Origin (RoO)
Browse all preferential trade calculators & compliance tools in our Customs Tools Hub ↗.
| Agreement Code | Trade Agreement / Program | Preferential Rate | Rules of Origin (RoO) Requirement |
|---|---|---|---|
| P | United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) | Free | Must meet USMCA Regional Value Content (RVC) or tariff shift rules. |
| KR | U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement (KORUS) | Free | Direct shipment from South Korea with KORUS Certificate of Origin. |
| AU | U.S.-Australia Free Trade Agreement | Free | Wholly obtained or tariff shift rule under US-Australia FTA. |
| A / D | GSP / African Growth & Opportunity Act (AGOA) | Free | 35% local value-add requirement for beneficiary country origin. |
MODULE 10: Logistics, Freight & Transport Specifications
Standard 20ft Container
~28 CBM / 28,000 kg Payload
Standard 40ft High-Cube
~68 CBM / 28,600 kg Payload
Stowage Factor & Handling
Standard commercial packaging for Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders)
MODULE 11: Official CBP CROSS Binding Classification Rulings
No official CBP CROSS classification precedents indexed for subheading 841231 yet.
US National HTS Tariff Lines (8412.31)
| HTS Code | Description | General Rate | Special (FTA) Rate | Column 2 Rate | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8412.31.00 | Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders) | Free | Free | 27.5% | — |
| 8412.31.00.40 | Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders), Tie-rod type | Free | Free | Rate on request | No. |
| 8412.31.00.80 | Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders), Other | Free | Free | Rate on request | No. |
US 10-Digit Statistical HTS Breakout (8412.31)
2 Declarable Lines · USITC 2026| 10-Digit HTS Code | Statistical Description | General MFN Rate | FTA / Special Rate | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8412.31.00.40 | Other engines and motors, and parts thereof: Pneumatic power engines and motors: Linear acting (cylinders) Tie-rod type | Free | Base MFN | No. |
| 8412.31.00.80 | Other engines and motors, and parts thereof: Pneumatic power engines and motors: Linear acting (cylinders) Other | Free | Base MFN | No. |
MODULE 12: Candidate Subheadings & Related Codes
| Related HS Code | Heading Category | Action |
|---|---|---|
| 8412.10 | Subheading under Heading 8412 | HS 8412.10 undefined Duty & Entry Rules → |
| 8412.21 | Subheading under Heading 8412 | HS 8412.21 undefined Duty & Entry Rules → |
| 8412.29 | Subheading under Heading 8412 | HS 8412.29 undefined Duty & Entry Rules → |
| 8412.39 | Subheading under Heading 8412 | HS 8412.39 undefined Duty & Entry Rules → |
MODULE 13: Industry Classification & Crosswalk Mesh (NAICS & Schedule B)
U.S. Census NAICS Code
U.S. Census Schedule B (Exports)
Official Primary Sources & Authority References
USITC HTS Chapter 84 Tariff Schedule (2026) ↗
Official U.S. 10-digit tariff lines and general duty rates for Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders).
CBP CROSS Ruling Database (8412.31) ↗
Binding customs classification precedents for Heading 8412.
MODULE 14: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) & Operational Guide
What is the 6-digit WCO tariff classification and United States (USITC HTS) general duty for Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders)?
Under WCO Harmonized System 2022 and United States (USITC HTS), Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders) is classified under HS 8412.31 (Heading 8412, Chapter 84). The representative US MFN general duty rate is Free.
How is HS 8412.31 distinguished within Heading 8412 (Other engines and motors, and parts thereof)?
Heading 8412 covers Other engines and motors, and parts thereof. Subheading 8412.31 specifically isolates Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders). Importers must verify whether physical characteristics, processing state, or composition require alternative subheadings under Heading 8412.
What are the primary candidate subheadings related to HS 8412.31?
Related subheadings under Heading 8412 include 8412.10, 8412.21, 8412.29, 8412.39, 8412.80, 8412.90. Classification depends on processing stage, decaffeination, purity, or material form.
What mandatory commercial entry documents are required to import Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders)?
Commercial Invoice (detailing Incoterms, currency, and origin), Packing List, Bill of Lading (or Air Waybill), CBP Form 7501 Entry Summary, and a continuous customs bond are required for formal entries.
Can goods under HS 8412.31 enter duty-free under USMCA or Free Trade Agreements?
Yes. Eligible goods originating in Mexico, Canada, South Korea, or Australia enter duty-free under preference SPI codes (P, KR, AU) provided they satisfy Regional Value Content (RVC) or tariff-shift rules with a valid Certificate of Origin.
What is the US formal entry threshold for shipments of Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders)?
Commercial shipments of Pneumatic power engines and motors, Linear acting (cylinders) with a customs value exceeding $2,500 USD require formal customs entry (CBP Form 7501) and a continuous entry bond. Informal entry applies to lower values.
How can an importer obtain a binding CBP classification ruling for HS 8412.31?
Importers may submit an e-Ruling request under 19 CFR Part 177 to CBP National Commodity Specialist Division (NCSD) to obtain a legally binding tariff classification ruling prior to importation.
What U.S. Census NAICS industry code corresponds to HS 8412.31?
HS 8412.31 maps to NAICS code 333995 (Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing) under official U.S. Census Bureau trade concordance tables.
Does the United States assess federal VAT or GST on imports of HS 8412.31?
No. The United States does NOT charge a federal Value-Added Tax (VAT) or Goods and Services Tax (GST) on imports. Importers pay customs duty + MPF + HMF (if ocean freight).
How are Merchandise Processing Fee (MPF) and Harbor Maintenance Fee (HMF) calculated?
MPF is assessed at 0.3464% of entered value (min $32.71, max $634.62 per entry). HMF is assessed at 0.125% on ocean freight shipments entering US ports.
What is the Section 321 de minimis duty-free threshold for HS 8412.31?
Under Section 321 (19 U.S.C. 1321), eligible shipments valued at $800 USD or less imported by one person on one day enter duty-free and tax-free.
What U.S. Customs bond requirements apply to commercial entries under HS 8412.31?
Formal entries with customs value exceeding $2,500 USD require a continuous customs entry bond (CBP Form 301) to guarantee payment of duties, taxes, and fees.
What Importer Security Filing (ISF 10+2) rules apply to ocean imports of HS 8412.31?
Ocean container shipments bound for US ports require electronic ISF 10+2 submission via ACE at least 24 hours before loading at foreign ports.
How do USMCA preference rules apply to commercial imports under HS 8412.31?
Qualifying originating goods from Canada or Mexico meeting USMCA tariff-shift or Regional Value Content (RVC) rules enter duty-free under SPI code 'P'.
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